Encyclopedia of the Białowieża Forest · Polish / English

Ruprecht Andrzej Lech (1935–2010)

Piotr Bajko’s biographical account of Ruprecht’s education, collections, research, and public service.

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Encyclopedia transcription

English translation of the Polish encyclopedia entry. Scientific names and titles have been retained.

Doctor of biological sciences, osteologist, and long-serving employee of the Mammal Research Institute PAS in Białowieża.

He was born in Gdańsk on April 20, 1935, to Karol and Zofia (née Matecka) Ruprecht. When the German occupation began, the family moved first to Łódź and then to Nowy Sącz, where Andrzej began primary school. After liberation the family returned to Gdańsk. He completed his primary education and graduated from a general secondary school in 1955.

He next studied at the medical faculty of the local medical academy, but a deterioration in his health after an earlier illness forced him to interrupt the course. In 1957 he changed direction and began studying at the Faculty of Biology and Earth Sciences of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. After two years he transferred to Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń. He graduated in 1962. His master’s thesis analyzed the diet of the barn owl in the Aleksandrów Kujawski, Ciechocinek, and Raciążek region.

Ruprecht first came to Białowieża on July 1, 1960, after his third year of study, for practical training at the Mammal Research Institute PAS. He joined the institute permanently in 1964, working first as an assistant and later as curator. In 1990 he went onto a disability pension and moved with his wife Joanna to Ciechocinek.

Throughout his work in Białowieża he managed the institute’s scientific collections, especially the bone collection, which through his considerable effort became one of the largest in Poland. He had collected vertebrate skeletons since primary school. His main interests centered on mammalian morphology, systematics, and faunistics, especially the search for and evaluation of taxonomic characters useful in identifying osteological material.

Research on rich owl-pellet material and on Polish and foreign collections enabled him, with Prof. Kazimierz Kowalski, to prepare chapters on bats and rodents for Keys to the Mammals of Poland and the Atlas of the Distribution of Mammals in Poland. For the latter he wrote accounts of 21 bat species and four rodents. With Dr. Wiesław Bogdanowicz he co-authored a several-hundred-page monograph on Polish bats, and with Andrzej Szwagrzak an atlas of Polish owls. In the Polish red data book he prepared chapters on the European mink and boreal owl.

While working in Białowieża, he became interested in Quaternary mammals from the Polish Pleistocene. Inspired by Kazimierz Kowalski’s catalog of Polish Pleistocene mammals, he recognized the potential of the Białystok region. He surveyed the area by car, established contacts with regional museums and private collectors, and popularized his work in the local press. Bone remains of aurochs, bison, and bears soon began reaching him. He also collaborated with paleontologists and theriologists and used visits to scientific institutions in Moscow, Leningrad, and Kyiv to study fossil bone material.

His reports documented steppe and forest elephants, cave lions, and mammoths. Three finds of mammoth remains within the Białowieża Forest were especially notable. After 25 years he had added ten species to the known fossil mammal fauna of the Białystok region. With Tadeusz Buchalczyk he documented the steppe polecat as a new species for the Polish fauna.

Ruprecht received his doctorate from Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin in 1973 for “Craniometric variation in the Central European population of the muskrat Ondatra zibethicus (Linnaeus, 1766).” Despite serious health problems he continued researching and publishing almost until his death. He supported bat conservation, especially in Kujawy, and helped local schools popularize theriology.

His output comprised about 200 publications, more than 70 concerning bats. His distinctions included the Gold Cross of Merit, the Medal of the 40th Anniversary of People’s Poland, the Award of the Scientific Secretary of the Polish Academy of Sciences, and the Prof. Leonard Lorentowicz Medal. He was an honorary member of the Polish Zoological Society and the Polish Society for Bat Protection. He died in Bydgoszcz on July 2, 2010, and was buried in Włocławek on July 10.